Table 2 Outcomes, measures, and methods of analysis

Primary

Recruitment

Number of participants in 18 months

Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation or count and percent)

Retention

Number of participants who complete data collection at 8 weeks

Secondary

Muscle mass

Change in quadriceps muscle mass and cross sectional area from pre- (− 1 day) to post- (2 weeks) surgery measured by magnetic resonance imaging scan

Mixed effects model (time × group)

Muscle protein synthesis

Change in mixed skeletal muscle, myofibrillar, and mitochondrial fractional synthesis rates from pre- (day − 3 to − 1) to post-surgery (day − 1 to 2 weeks)

Skeletal muscle and erythrocyte phospholipid composition

Change in skeletal muscle and erythrocyte phospholipid composition (n-3: n-6) from baseline (− 4 weeks) to post-surgery (2 weeks)

Plasma proteomics

Change in target signal intensity and protein concentration between − 4 weeks, − 1 day, and 2 weeks

Changes in the expression of translational factors related to skeletal muscle protein synthesis

Activation of translational factors involved in skeletal muscle protein synthesis from pre- (− 4 weeks) to post-surgery (2 weeks)

Muscle function

SCPT performance, and dynamometer MVC and peak isotonic power at − 4.5 and 8 weeks